18 September 2006

Fish oils

Omega-3 and all that. The Scotsman appears to be promoting the idea here:
"FISH oils are hailed as a super supplement - we are told they will help keep us bright and alert at work, faster at Sudoku and healthy of heart at the gym. Hundreds of studies have also shown their importance in developing children's brain health, particularly their effectiveness in helping to combat attention deficit disorder and other behavioural problems.
Supplements can be the most effective way of ensuring you are getting the levels of omega-3 and 6 you need, but with shop shelves now overflowing with omega options, which supplements should we choose?
...
The best supplements are those which have high levels of EPA, which is one of the two kinds of omega-3, and the type that the body is most able to use efficiently and effectively. It has been proven to help children with attention deficit disorder. The other, DHA, is also essential for brain development, as is GLA which is an omega-6 found in evening primrose oil and starflower oil."

This is from someone who describes herself as a nutritionist.

The Guardian has a rather different story of the evidential trials:
"Of the five published papers, not one is a trial involving "normal" mainstream children. Three were positive to a greater or lesser extent; two were negative. In 2001, Voigt et al did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial with omega-3 fish oil in 63 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): they found no significant differences in objective or subjective ADHD measures between the fish oil and placebo group. In 2002, Richardson et al did a trial on 41 children with learning difficulties, and found improvements in three out of the 14 things measured (ADHD score, inattention and psychosomatic symptoms). In 2003, Stevens et al did a pilot study on 50 children with inattention, hyperactivity, and other disruptive behaviours (a third dropped out) and found improvements for two out of 16 things measured (parent-rated conduct problems and teacher-rated attention symptoms).
We're nearly there. This is important. Hirayama et al had a trial with 40 subjects with ADHD, and, not only was there no improvement for the fish oil group, the placebo group showed a significant improvement in visual short term memory and continuous performance. And lastly Richardson et al, looking at 117 subjects with developmental coordination disorder, found no significant differences but improvements in reading and spelling. This last one, incidentally, was the "Oxford-Durham" trial, performed by a proper Oxford academic, published in a peer-reviewed academic journal, and it has nothing whatsoever to do with these farcical, unpublished "trials" being touted by Equazen and Durham county council."

I know which I believe. But, more to the point, should The Scotsman's nutritionist not have included some form of 'health warning' about the efficacy of the pills they are so shamelessly willing to tout? Should a nutritionist not point out that the scientific case remains at least disputed?

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